Each teacher dreams about an ideal classroom where each student could realize his/her intellectual potential, abilities by his/her interests and needs. Naturally, it is not an easy task that seems to be hardly realizable in the real classroom situation because as a rule, a teacher faces some difficulties. Despite the problems, it is still necessary to strive for achievement possibly better results.
Naturally, it can be done only on the condition that a teacher has a clear plan and understanding how the fundamental aims of his/her work could be achieved. In this respect, it is necessary to take into consideration a variety of factors that influence the efficiency of education. For instance, teaching literature, as well as any other subject, needs profound knowledge of students’ psychology and the general level of their development at a certain age stage. In fact, it is necessary to realize that there are certain differences in students’ behavior, psychology, interests at a different age.
As
a result, the level of development of children at a certain age should be taken into consideration.
Practically, it means that for young learners it is highly recommended to deliver the learning
material through games. For instance, is applied to literature, it may be a kind of play, or
role-play based on the particular fairy tale that is to be learned. Furthermore, teaching
adolescents implies the changes in students psychology since they are slightly more concerned on
their peers than on adults. Consequently, it is necessary to link the material with the problems
that are somewhat close to them. For instance, in teaching literature, it may be the discussion of
works concerning adolescents from the contemporary students or else the study of the modern literary
practices related to their problems.
At the same time, it is not enough merely to provide students with an appropriate learning material in a proper form. In fact, teaching, especially such subjects as literature, is a much more complicated process. It means that it is necessary to take into consideration the experience of students, their social background, and interests. Practically, work in the classroom implies that it is needed to find out the level of knowledge and learning experience of students because it may differ for each student. It is why, before starting to work with a class it is highly recommended to find out their experience and level of knowledge. It may be done through individual work, or just conversations, some test as well as using cooperative work of students, which may help to define which students have more luxurious experience and more profound knowledge on a subject than others. In this respect, problem-solving may be quite helpful, mainly because it also helps to better understand specific psychological characteristics of students, for instance, which students are leaders, which prefer to follow, etc.
Furthermore, it is also essential to develop students’ interest in learning and stimulate their self-education. It means that students have to act independently, i.e., they have to have an opportunity to do their projects, for instance, which would help them realize their abilities and show their knowledge. In fact, the project method may be efficient in studying literature, because students learn to work on their own while teacher’s role in such a situation minimised to the level of a consultant. In other words, a teacher does not teach but instead shows students the way to learn and progress.
Also, it is critical to underline that any group work cannot substitute individual approach to every student. Practically, it means that a teacher should realize what each of his/her students is. It implies the knowledge of psychological peculiarities of each student, his social and family life, knowledge and abilities, etc.
Finally, it is necessary to point out that socio-cultural experience is also significant, especially in teaching such subjects as literature because literature provides the development of cultural, ethical and moral views of students. At the same time, it is evident that students have different cultures, they may originate from various socio-cultural groups. As a result, a teacher should try to make students tolerant to different religions that can be done using their acquaintance with the cultures of students in the classroom as well as with the culture of various socio-cultural groups depicted in the literature. Moreover, the cultural level of students is also fundamental in their perception of literary works. It is why it is impossible to provide students with a low artistic level with jobs, which implies in-depth knowledge of specific cultural context. Consequently, it is necessary to gradually prepare students to the perception of such works that would eventually lead to their socio-cultural progress.
Thus, in conclusion, it should be said that the ideal classroom means that a teacher could assist his/her students to acquire knowledge and to learn new information and not merely teach. This process should be based on students’ free will and broad interests in the subject, which should be provoked by the teacher. Moreover, students should learn to be independent from their teacher in the learning process. At the same time, the teacher should use an individual approach to each of his/her students that would lead to efficiency of his/her work.
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