Globalization has its positive and negative effects in the countries involved in it. Pakistan is one of the nations that have been greatly affected by globalization. Globalization has affected its economy, politics, technology and living standards of the people, society at large and the religion.
Economy
Pakistan has always followed an economic reform policy that made its economy open to the rest of the
world. Initially, Pakistan strived to take structural reforms in order to make its economy
policies liberal and to speed up the process of integrating itself with the international
markets.
Globalization was very contributive to Pakistan for it was able to achieve economic sustainability. They were able to reduce their foreign debt and become independent. Economic policy developed to a liberal policy which increases exports and influenced the attraction more foreign investments. On the other hand, in 2008, there was a global economic recession and mounting of oil prices. These posed threats to the economy Pakistan. The foreign exchange reserves fell drastically while the escalating prices of oil badly affected the prices of every basic commodity. Globalization demands a high-quality control and standardization of goods and service. Hence, producers who failed to adjust to these requirements by the World Trade Organization were collapsing because they were not as competitive as their rivals.
Politics
Nationwide policies and democratization development have been affected or in one way or another
influenced by globalization. The national values and characteristics are significantly absorbed by
globalization (Catarina and Kristina, 2002). For example, when the military took over Pakistan in
1999, they were not able to impose material law because such political growths were under careful
scrutiny by external forces. Another instance of political globalization is evident in the event
when there was strong action taken against all religious extremists in 2002. Globalization has led
to the erection of barriers and construction of fences against the increase of fundamentalist
propensities in mainly Islamic states including Pakistan.
Human rights
Pakistan violated the human rights by fabricating carpets that were hand woven and sports goods
which were believed to be produced through child labor. This made most of the western foreign
nations to abolish the importation of such goods from Pakistan. They demanded free of child labor
certification and the sports products had to be accompanied by FIFA (Federation of International
Football Association) code just to make sure that there was no chances human rights abuse. The human
rights organizations failed to keenly control human rights abuse facilitating Pakistan to continue
exploiting other citizens by violating their rights a situation which Alison Brysk (2002) refers to
it as the form of state terrorism.
Technology
With the rise of globalization, Pakistan through education has enabled itself to produce people with
skills to compete in the global market. The high demand of experts in the ground of Information
technology has resulted in Many citizens of Pakistan to move to the Western countries to acquire
knowledge about these technologies. Besides, Pakistan has been able to develop worldwide
telecommunication infrastructure that has facilitated the flow of data in a trans-border direction
(Shahid Latif Bajwa, 2009) Industrialization has led to the use of effective technology to produce
good quality products and services to the market not only locally but internationally. The emergence
of industries in Pakistan is highly related to globalization. However, these new technologies come
with negative effects on the communities and the environment. They contribute to environmental
pollution which affects the plants, animals and human lives that inhabit Pakistan domain.
Standards of living
Pakistan’s GDP has been on the rise together with its trade and Foreign direct investments.
However, the rate of unemployment is also on the rise despite the increase in gross domestic
product. According to Majid Ali (2012), the unemployment rate went further u by 6.7% in the years
2000-2001. Price changes in globalization have affected the living standards and inequality in
Pakistan. The removal of tariffs made most of the protected industries to shrink, hence many
employees could be laid off and render them redundant. In the past few years, the international
inflation plummeted from 30% to 4% annually (Majid Ali, 2012) having globalization and deregulation
connected to it. The poor largely benefited from this disinflation network. The development of
industries in Pakistan has boosted employment creation. Some of Pakistan’s citizens work
outside the country to earn a living.
Conclusion
In Pakistan’s situation, the paybacks of globalization can be achieved through rapid economic
development and growth, and most importantly good governance. In a global economy, the countries
that have sufficient skillful labor, proper information and good technology, work ethics, social
justice and political stability will succeed in the world market. But when a country lacks all these
factors, they are highly vulnerable to the negative effects of globalization. So, the advantages or
disadvantages of globalization depends largely on these factors. An economy with sufficient know-how
and education will benefit many people by boosting the quality of their lives and hence good living
standards.
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Work cited Majid Ali, (2012). Impact of Globalization in Pakistan: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. https://www.scribd.com/doc/77793812/Impact-of-Globalization-on-Pakistan (Accessed on December 21, 2018). Shahid Latif Bajwa, (2009). GLOBALIZATION: CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTAN. NDU journal. Katarina, C. Kristina, J. (2002). Globalization and Democratization in Asia. London: Routledge. Alison Brysk, (2002). Globalization and Human Rights. California: University of California Press.